备注:
1.本文以繁体中文编写,经由自动转换生成的,用字上可能会有所错误
2.以下皆用香港FIR来代指香港飞行情报区(VHHK FIR),在管制用语部分的香港则指的是香港国际机场(VHHH)
3.本文仅供模拟飞行使用,如需转载请先通知作者
4.感谢@Pei-Cheng Chung提供文本
1、前言
香港飞行情报区(VHHK)是香港地区唯一的飞行情报区,只实施英语管制,与上海、台北、马尼拉、三亚及广州FIR相邻,在用语和管制方式跟从ICAO标准。
2、管制用语
香港的管制用语相对于我们平常使用的有所差别,主要跟从ICAO标准,下面是常见的用语对照表
注:— 表没有相关用语
| 香港用语 | 内地用语 |
|---|---|
| Request | 申请 |
| Approve as requested | 同意 |
| Delivery | 放行 |
| Flight Level | 英制高度层 |
| Feet | 英制高度 |
| Meters | 米 |
| QNH | 修正海压 |
| Squawk | 应答机 |
| IFR | — |
| Establish(ed) | 建立 |
| VOR | — |
| NDB | — |
| Localiser | 航向道 |
| Clear(ed) | 可以 |
| Control(CTR) / Radar(CTR) | 区域/雷达 |
| Clearance | 放行 |
| Comfirm | 证实 |
| Affirm | 正确/是的 |
| Negative | 错误/不同意/没有 |
| ILS | 盲降 |
| Go Around | 复飞 |
| Proceed direct | 直飞 |
| Stand missed approach procedure | 标准复飞程序 |
| Touch and Go | 连续起飞/落地连续 |
| Low pass/low approach | 低空通场 |
| XXXXX arrival | XXXXX进场程序 |
| XXXXX departure | XXXXX离场程序 |
| Approach | 进近 |
| Push and start | 推出及开车(推开) |
| Climb to XXX | 上升到XXX |
| Climb via SID, XXX | 攀登 跟从离场程序上升到XXX |
| Descend to XXX | 下降到XXX |
| Descend via STAR | 跟从进场程序下降到XXX |
| Climb/Descend to reach XXXXX at xxx | 过 XXXXX在高度 xxx |
| Unrestricted | 无限制 |
| Identified | 雷达识别了 |
| Expedite | 加速/尽快 |
| Increase | 增… |
| Contact | 联系 |
| Monitor | 守听 |
另外在数字的读法为:
| 英語 | 數字 |
|---|---|
| One | 1 |
| Two | 2 |
| Tree | 3 |
| Four | 4 |
| Five | 5 |
| Six | 6 |
| Seven | 7 |
| Eight | 8 |
| Niner | 9 |
| Zero | 0 |
| Decimal | . |
#3、推出程序
香港国际机场及澳门机场实施颜色编码后推程序, 后退通话基本为:
CPA123 push and start approved, pushback colour red/blue
国泰123, 同意推出及开车, 推出颜色编码 红色/蓝色
颜色编码图表: https://vathk.com/pushback
通话范例:
本次范例以CPA123 (VHHH-RCTP) 以及CPA321 (RCTP-VHHH) 当作例子
以下中文翻译只供参考,香港只用英语管制
放行
CPA123:Hong Kong Delivery Good evening CPA991 Request IFR Clearance to Taipei.
CPA123:香港许可放行下午好,国泰123请求IFR许可至台北.
VHHH_DEL:CPA991,Cleared to Taipei, Via OCEAN2A departure, runway 07R. Climb via SID 5000ft, Squawk 5301. Hong Kong information A current.
VHHH_DEL:国泰123,许可至台北,经由OCEAN2A离场,跑道07R,跟从离场程序上升到5000ft,应答机5301,香港通波A
CPA123: Cleared to Taipei, Via OCEAN2A departure, runway 07R. Climb via SID 5000ft, Squawk 5301, information A. CPA123.
CPA123:许可至台北,经由OCEAN2A离场,跑道07R,跟从离场程序上升到5000ft,应答机5301,通波A,国泰123.
VHHH_DEL:CPA123, readback Correct. When ready, contact Hong Kong Ground on 122.550.
VHHH_DEL:国泰123,许可复诵正确,准备好联系 122.550 .
CPA123:When ready contact Ground on 122.550. CPA991.
CPA123:准备好联系 122.550 . 国泰123.
如果当前飞行高度有误,管制员可能会要求您更改飞行高度:
VHHH_DEL:CPA123, FL350 is not available due to airways restriction, are you able FL330 or FL370?
VHHH_DEL:国泰123,由于航路所限,空层350不可用,可以接受FL330或FL350吗?
CPA123:We can take FL330, CPA123.
CPA123: 可以接受FL330,国泰123.
地面
CPA123:Hong Kong Ground CPA123 at stand S33 request push and start.
CPA123:香港地面,国泰123在S33,请求后推开车。
VHHH_S_GND:CPA123, push and start approved, pushback colour blue.
VHHH_S_GND: 国泰123,同意后推开车,推出颜色编码蓝色
CPA123:Push and start approved, pushback colour blue. CPA123.
CPA123:同意后推开车,推出颜色编码蓝色. 国泰123.
CPA123:CPA123 request taxi.
CPA123: 国泰123请求滑行.
VHHH_S_GND:CPA123 ,taxi to holding point J1,via taxiway H7 and H. QNH1013
VHHH_S_GND: 国泰123,滑行至等待点J1,07右跑道,经由H7 H。修正海压1013
CPA123:taxi to holding point J1,via taxiway H7 and H, QNH1013. CPA123.
CPA123:滑行至等待点J1,07右跑道,经由H7 H,修正海压1013. 国泰123.
VHHH_S_GND:CPA123, contact Hong Kong Tower on 118.400.
VHHH_S_GND:国泰123,联系香港塔台 118.400 .
CPA123:Contact Tower 118.400 CPA123.
CPA123: 联系香港塔台 118.400,国泰123.
离场
CPA123:Hong Kong Tower CPA123 on J1, ready for departure.
CPA123 :香港塔台,国泰123在J1上,准备好离场了.
VHHH_S_TWR:CPA123, surface wind 070 degrees 10kts, runway 07R, cleared for takeoff.
VHHH_S_TWR:国泰123,地面风070度 10哩,07右跑道,许可起飞.
CPA123:Runway 07R, cleared for take off. CPA123
CPA123:07右跑道,许可起飞. 国泰123.
VHHH_S_TWR:CPA123, contact Hong Kong Departure on 123.800.
VHHH_S_TWR:国泰123,联系香港离场 123.800.
CPA123:Contact Hong Kong Departure on 123.800. CPA123.
CPA123: 联系香港离场 123.800. 国泰123.
CPA123:Hong Kong Departure, CPA123 passing 1500ft for 5000ft.
CPA123: 香港离场,国泰123爬升通过1500至5000.
VHHH_DEP:CPA123, Hong Kong Departure, identified. Climb via SID, FL250.
VHHH_DEP:国泰123,香港离场,雷达看到了,跟从离场程序上升到空层250.
CPA123:Climb via SID, FL250. CPA123.
CPA123:跟从离场程序上升到空层250. 国泰123.
进场
CPA321:Hong Kong Radar, CPA321 at FL340.
MDA992:香港雷达,国泰321空层340.
HKG_E_CTR:CPA321,Hong Kong Radar, identified. Expect ABBEY3A arrival, report ready for descend.
HKG_E_CTR:国泰321,香港雷达,雷达看到了,预计ABBEY3A进场程序,准备好下降报.
CPA321:Expect ABBEY3A arrival, report ready for descend. CPA321
CPA321: 预计ABBEY3A进场程序,准备好下降报. 国泰321.
CPA321:Ready for descend, CPA321.
CPA321:准备好下降. 国泰321.
HKG_E_CTR:CPA321, Descend to FL250.
HKG_E_CTR:国泰321,下降到空层250.
CPA321:Descend to FL250. CPA321.
CPA321:下降到空层250. 国泰321.
HKG_E_CTR:CPA321 contact Hong Kong Radar on 126.500.
HKG_E_CTR:国泰321,联系香港终端 126.500.
CPA321:Contact Hong Kong Radar on 126.500. CPA321.
CPA321:联系香港终端 126.500. 国泰321.
CPA321:Hong Kong Radar, CPA321 passing FL280 for FL250.
CPA321:香港终端,国泰321通过飞航空层280至空层250.
VHHH_E_APP:CPA321, cleared ABBEY3A arrival, descend via STAR, FL130.
VHHH_E_APP:国泰321,ABBEY3A进场程序,跟从进场程序下降到空层130.
CPA321:Cleared ABBEY3A arrival, descend via STAR, FL130, CPA321.
CPA321: 修道院3A进场程序,跟从进场程序下降到空层130. 国泰321.
VHHH_E_APP:CPA321, contact Hong Kong Approach on 119.100.
VHHH_E_APP: 国泰321,联系香港进近 119.100.
CPA321:Contact Hong Kong Approach on 119.100, CPA321.
CPA321: 联系香港进近 119.100. 国泰321.
CPA321:Hong Kong Approach, CPA321, FL130.
CPA321: 香港进近,国泰321空层130.
VHHH_APP:CPA321, Hong Kong approach. Expect ILS approach runway 07L. Descend to FL110.
VHHH_APP: 国泰321,香港进近,预计ILS进近跑道07左,下降到空层110.
CPA321:Expect ILS approach runway 07L. Descend to FL110, CPA321.
CPA321: 预计ILS进近跑道07左,下降到空层110. 国泰321.
VHHH_APP:CPA321, descend to reach 4000ft at LIMES, QNH1013.
VHHH_APP: 国泰321,过 LIMES 在高度4000ft,修正海压1013.
CPA321:Descend to reach 4000ft at LIMES, QNH1013, CPA321.
CPA321: 过 LIMES 在高度4000ft, 修正海压1013. 国泰321.
VHHH_APP:CPA321, from LIMES via TUTBA, cleared ILS approach runway 07L, report established.
VHHH_APP: 国泰321,从LIMES至TUTBA,许可盲降跑道07左,建立航向道报.
(当被许可进近程序,应按航图上标记的高度自行下降, 并拣选过渡**LIMES**)
(在盲降跑道25R,管制员会给出: From TD, descend via RNAV transition to 2700ft. 这时请沿着盲降过渡程序下降到2700ft,在管制员指示许可盲降前 : From TOPUN, cleared ILS25R. 请勿启动飞机进近模式(不要拦截下滑道),以免触发近地警告)
CPA321:From LIMES via TUTBA, cleared ILS07R, report establish, CPA321.
CPA321: 从LIMES至TUTBA,许可盲降跑道07左,建立航向道报. 国泰321.
CPA321:ILS establish, CPA321.
CPA321: 建立航向道. 国泰321.
VHHH_APP:CPA321, contact Hong Kong Tower on 118.700.
VHHH_APP: 国泰321,联系香港塔台 118.700.
CPA321:Contact Hong Kong Tower 118.700, CPA321
CPA321: 联系香港塔台 118.700. 国泰321
CPA321:Hong Kong Tower, CPA321, ILS07R.
CPA321: 香港塔台,国泰321,盲降跑道07左.
VHHH_N_TWR:CPA321, wind 070 degrees 7 kts, runway 07L, cleared to land.
VHHH_N_TWR: 国泰321,地面风 070 度 7 哩,跑道07右,许可落地.
CPA321:Runway07R, cleared to land, CPA321.
CPA321: 跑道07右,许可落地. 国泰321.
(落地后请沿快速脱离滑行道尽快脱离跑道,以免耽误其他机组)
(脱离跑道指完全离开等待点标记线范围内)
4.管制区
香港FIR的边界点以及相关资讯如下
https://vathk.com/pdf/Hong_Kong_vACC_Cue_Card_Dark.pdf
VHHH离场:
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| ENVAR | OCEAN/RACE V3 ENVAR |
| ELATO | OECAN/RASSE V2 ELATO |
| NOMAN | OCEAN/SKATE V4 NOMAN |
| SABNO | OCEAN/SKATE V5 SABNO |
| KAPLI | OCEAN V4 SKATE DCT KAPLI |
| DOTMI | LAKES/VENGO V1 DOTMI |
| LELIM | LAKES/VENGO V13 LELIM |
| BEKOL | (SID) |
| SIKOU | PEPAN V10 SIKOU |
| IKELA | PECAN V11 IDOSI A1 IKELA |
| EPKAL | PECAN V12 EPDOS L642 EPKAL |
VHHH进场:
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| ELATO | ELATO V522 ABBEY |
| NOMAN | NOMAN V532 BETTY |
| SABNO | SABNO V542 BETTY |
| ASOBA | ASOBA M772 DULOP Q1 CARSO V551 BETTY |
| DOSUT | DOSUT M771 DULOP Q1 CARSO V551 BETTY |
| IKELA | IKELA A1 IDOSI V561 CANTO |
| SIKOU | SIKOU V571 CANTO |
| SIERA | (STAR) |
| DOTMI | DOTMI A470 MAGOG V522 ABBEY |
VMMC离场
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| ENVAR | CONGA V3 ENVAR |
| ELATO | CONGA V2 ELATO |
| NOMAN | GROUP V4 NOMAN |
| SABNO | GROUP V5 SABNO |
| DOTMI | SOUSA V1 DOTMI |
| LELIM SOuSA V13 LELIM | |
| SIKOU | ALLEY V10 SIKOU |
| IKELA | ALLEY V31 DOS A1 IKELA |
| EPKAL | ALLEY V32 EPDOS L642 EPKAL |
VMMC进场
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| ELATO | ELATO J101 SMT |
| NOMAN | NOMAN A461 CH B330 SMT |
| SABNO | SABNO A583 CH B330 SMT |
| ASOBA | ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN DCT CHALI |
| DOSUT | DOSUT M771 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN DCT CHALI |
| KELA | KELA A1 DOSAGE V561 DASON J104 CHALI |
| SIKOU | SIKOU J104 CHALI |
| DOTMI | DOTMI A470 SAMMI J101 SMT |
深圳机场进场路线(ZGSZ/ZGGG)
ZGSZ进场(南/西方进场)
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| DOSUT | DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 ISBAN(FL200) J103 ROBIN DCT ALLEY DCT GOBBI(FL110) DCT LANDA |
| ASOBA | ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ISBAN(FL200) J103 ROBIN DCT ALLEY DCT GOBBI(FL110) DCT LANDA |
| SABNO | SABNO DCT TOFEE DCT SUKER DCT ALDOM J103 ISBAN(FL200) J103 ROBIN DCT ALLEY DCT GOBBI(FL110) DCT LANDA |
| SIKOU | SIKOU J104 COTON(FL120) DCT LANDA |
| IKELA | IKELA A1/P901 IDOSI DCT DASON J104 COTON(FL120) DCT LANDA |
ZGGG进场(东/南/西)
| 边界点 | 航路 |
|---|---|
| DOSUT | DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 ISBAN(FL260) J103 CH B330 TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
| ASOBA | ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ISBAN(FL260) J103 CH B330 TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
| SABNO | SABNO DCT TOFEE DCT SUKER DCT ALDOM J103 ISBAN(FL260) J103 CH B330 TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
| IKELA | IKELA DCT MORTU J103 ISBAN(FL260) J103 CH B330 TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
| ELATO | ELATO J101 SMT DCT TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
| SIKOU | SIKOU J104 CHALI(FL260) DCT SAPAX DCT OTKUM DCT CH B330 TAMOT W68 IDUMA |
机场列表
| ICAO | 机场 | 所属终端区 |
|---|---|---|
| VHHH | 香港 | VHHH_APP |
| VHHX | 启德 | VHHH_APP |
| VMMC | 澳门 | VMMC_APP/ZGJD_APP |
管制席位
CTR (区域雷达)
| 代码 | 呼号 |
|---|---|
| HKG_E_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_K_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_S_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_D_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_W_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_C_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_V_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
| HKG_U_CTR | Hong Kong Radar |
如果没有其他管制员上线,HKG_W_CTR 将代管其他CTR席位
APP(终端/ 进近)
| 代码 | 呼号 |
|---|---|
| VHHH_E_APP | Hong Kong Radar |
| VHHH_S_APP | Hong Kong Radar |
| VHHH_S1_APP | Hong Kong Radar |
| VHHH_W_APP | Hong Kong Radar |
| VMMC_APP | Hong Kong Radar |
| VHHH_APP | Hong Kong Approach |
| VHHH_F_APP | Hong Kong Director |
| VHHH_DEP | Hong Kong Departure |
| VHHH_H_DEP | Hong Kong Departure |
| VHHH_Z_ZPP | Hong Kong Zone |
E/S/W_APP為终端管制,负责把单个方向的机组排队
APP為进近管制,负责把不同方向的机组排成一列
F_APP為final director,负责机组在降落前的间隔
DEP為离场管制,负责离场机组
H_DEP為高离场管制,主要负责降落深圳和澳门的机组
Z_APP负责管制区内的目视飞行
如果没有其他管理人员上线,VHHH_APP 将代管其他APP席位
终端管制(E/S/W_APP)在区域雷达上线的時候由区域雷达代管
TWR
| 代码 | 呼号 |
|---|---|
| VHHH_S_TWR | Hong Kong Tower |
| VHHH_N_TWR | Hong Kong Tower |
| VHHX_TWR | Kaitak Tower |
| VMMC_TWR | Macau Tower |
GND
| 代码 | 呼号 |
|---|---|
| VHHH_S_GND | Hong Kong Ground |
| VHHH_N_GND | Hong Kong Ground |
| VHHH_C_GND | Hong Kong Ground |
| VHHH_W_GND | Hong Kong Ground |
| VHHX_GND | Kaitak Ground |
| VMMC_GND | Macau Ground |
DEL
| 代码 | 呼号 |
|---|---|
| VHHH_DEL | Hong Kong Delivery |
| VHHX_DEL | Kaitak Delivery |
| VMMC_DEL | Macau Delivery |
详细扇区资料: https://vatglasses.uk/hongkong/
5.程序
1.由于特殊的地理位置,澳门北面之所有飞行管制由珠海进近负责,香港管制员在移交的时候会根据情况转为米制
2.因应移交至不同的管制区,香港会给出不同高度单位的指示
3.香港国际机场(VHHH)实施全RNAV进离场,如果没有RNAV能力请告知管制员
目前中跑道(07C/25C)关闭,无需许可也可以穿越
4.过渡高度 9000FT | 过渡高度层 FL110
5.除有特别指示,请遵守下列高度/速度限制:
1.在一万呎以下速度不可超过250kts
2.通过 SIERA进场香港时请确保高度为FL190
3.进场香港时请确保在通过 MUSEL(ABBEY3A/2B), MANGO(BETTY2A/2B)高度和速度为FL130和280kts
4.进场香港跑道07时请确保在通过 MURRY(CANTO3A/SIERA7A/C)高度为FL110-FL130
5.进场香港跑道25时请确保在通过 MURRY(CANTO2B/SIERA7B/D)高度为FL150
6.除计划使用RNP Y进场跑道25, 不应该使用(XXXXX1G)进场程序